From retribution to restoration: A pastoral response to school bullying behaviour

Abstract

Bullying is a complex phenomenon that affects learners' emotional wellness. It also influences the general social and cultural environment of schools. The behaviour is characterised by the intentional intimidation, harm, or exerting control over individuals. Bullying behaviour includes verbal, physical, emotional, and cyberbullying. It is characterised by a significant power imbalance. Society generally exhibits a lack of tolerance around bullying behaviour and condemns those who engage in such behaviours. In schools, the focus tends to be on punishment and sanctions as the primary solution, rather than on intervention and support. Bullying goes beyond individual experiences; it is deeply connected with societal norms, power dynamics, and cultural attitudes. Most studies on school bullying concentrate on providing support for victims. Insufficient focus is devoted to effectively engaging with the perpetrators of bullying. This article focuses on the phenomenon of high school bullying, social discourse, and the pastoral response of the faith community. Insights from the fields of pastoral care and counselling, and sociology are used to identify guiding principles for addressing bullying behaviour.